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Gau Bayreuth (until 1942, ''Gau Bayerische Ostmark'' (English: Bavarian Eastern March)) was an administrative division of Nazi Germany in Lower Bavaria, Upper Palatinate and Upper Franconia, Bavaria, from 1933 to 1945. From 1926 to 1933, it was the regional subdivision of the Nazi Party for these areas. ==History== The ''Gau Bayerische Ostmark'' was formed in 1933, when Hans Schemm united the three ''Gaue'' of ''Oberpfalz'', ''Niederbayern'' and ''Oberfranken'' into one in an internal power struggle. The term ''Bayerische Ostmark'' was coined after the First World War for the region to refer to the fact that the area now bordered the new Czechoslovakia, a country perceived as hostile to Germany. The term ''Mark'' ((英語:March)) was historically used in Imperial Germany for border regions to hostile neighbors.〔(Bayerische Ostmark, 1933-45 ) Historisches Lexikon Bayerns, accessed: 27 June 2008〕 It was the only one of the Bavarian ''Gaue'' to incorporate more than one ''Regierungsbezirk'', covering three of them. Hans Schemm led the ''Gau'' until his death in a plane accident in 1935; his successor, Fritz Wächtler, could not muster the same popularity with the population of the region. After the occupation of Czechoslovakia, parts of this country were incorporated in the ''Gau''. The districts (German: ''Kreis'') of Prachatitz (population: 38,328) and Klattau were added to the ''Gau''.〔(''Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte: Landkreis Prachatitz'' ) accessed: 10 November 2008〕 From 1938, the ''Gau'' was also home to the Flossenbürg concentration camp and its many subcamps. Because the ''Gau Bayerische Ostmark'' was not a border region anymore, it was renamed into ''Gau Bayreuth'' in 1942. Wächtler was shot on orders of Hitler, having left his capital Bayreuth in April 1945. He was replaced by Ludwig Ruckdeschel, whose reign until the surrender of Nazi Germany was very brief.〔(Bayerische Ostmark, 1933-45 ) Historisches Lexikon Bayerns, accessed: 27 June 2008〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gau Bayreuth」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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